Calotropis procera is small, erect shrub, which is used in several herbal and empirical medicines to cure simple and deadly diseases and disorders. Different parts of leaves, roots, flowers and latex from this plant are used in several ayurvedic systems of medicinal preparations. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. Other articles where calotropis procera is discussed. Small trees or shrubs, these two species are native to southern asia and africa and were introduced to south america and the islands of the caribbean, where they have naturalized.
There are two varieties of sodom apple, calotropis procera and calotropis gigantea, from the plant family apocynaceae that are native to north and tropical africa, western and south asia. Identification of a novel calotropis procera protein that can. West african plants a photo guide calotropis procera. After 24 h, 50 l of calotropis procera extract was added and pictures. The disc diffusion method was performed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of calotropis procera extract. Hence, it is distributed in tropical and subtropical. It has been naturalized in puerto rico, the united states virgin islands, hawaii, and southern california. Calotropis procera linn is an erect, tall, large, highly branched and perennial shrub or small tree that grows to a height of 5. It is often dominant in areas of abandoned cultivation, especially on sandy soils in areas of low rainfall. Shrivastava, suchita singh, sanchita singh department of botany and biotechnology govt.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Population ecology and economic importance of calotropis. These two species can be distinguished by the following differences. The fruit is also thick and, when opened, it is the source of thick fibers that have been made into rope and used in a multitude of ways. The first report on ocular injury by calotropis was by muthayya in 1949 from india. This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of c. Aiton show all show tabs roostertree general information. Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments. Calotrope calotropis procera is very similar to giant calotrope calotropis gigantea. The calotropis gigantia latex had a completely b asic nature with a ph of 7.
The green fruits contain a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating which is resistant to soap. It grows rarely in colder regions, but the subtropical and tropical climate suits it. Calotropis procera in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Antimicrobial activities of calotropis procera on selected. The medicinal potential of calotropis procera has been known to traditional systems of medicine for a while. Africa, asia and naturalized in australia, north america, south america more infos. Pdf reader view, edit, share beszerzese microsoft store huhu. The plants root system has been shown to break up and cultivate cropland.
It has been naturalized in puerto rico, the united states virgin islands, hawaii, and southern california other websites. Antifeedant activity, calotropis procera, pest control, spodoptera litura introduction the production in agriculture is reduced by losses as high as 45% before or after harvesting due to attack of a variety of pests, including insects, nematodes, virus and bacteria. Apple of sodom calotropis procera is a species of plant. Apple of sodom, sodom apple, stabragh and others synonymes. Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. With acrobat reader dc, you can do more than just open and view pdf files. Calotropis procera, antimicrobial, extract address for correspondence. College, patna, magadh university, bihar, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t. Chemical constituents of plants such as alkoloids, steroid, terpenoids, resin, glycosides, carbohydrates, etc are reported in ayurvedic literature.
India 2rajiv academy for pharmacy, delhimathura byepass road, mathura, u. Antifungal, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of. It is also found in coastal dunes, roadsides, watercourses and disturbed urban areas. Calotropis procera is a member of the milkweed or asclepiadeae family and it is the scientific name of sodom apple or madar shrub. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured.
Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and used in folk medicine. Effect of calotropis procera leaf extract on spodoptera. Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera ait. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa obtained from the east jeddah hospital was grown in muller hinton agar medium for 24 h. Shahzaib, abdullah khan, arif waqar zaif, wasim ahmed department of biotechnology, university of science and technology bannu, khyber pakhtunkhwa pakistan key words. The fivepetalled waxy flowers are white with purple tips inside and have a central purplish crown. Identification of a novel calotropis procera protein that. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts. It is native to north africa, central africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. The traditional folk healers use the milky latex of aak for several ailments. This shrub is known to possess wide range of pharmacological activity.
Stout, weakly to strongly branched succulent shrub 27 m tall. Ocular toxicity by latex of calotropis procera sodom apple. Calotropis procera apocynaceae is a nonnative species that has its origin in africa and asia, but was introduced into the northeastern region of brazil in the beginning of last century. Secondary metabolites of calotropis have well known pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. Anticancer and antibacterial activity of calotropis. It belongs in the subfamily asclepiadoideae it is native to north africa, central africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. The large, green, inflated fruit is rounded at the base and somewhat pointed at the tip, similar in shape to a mango. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda.
Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. With acrobat create pdf, its easy to convert web pages to rich, highquality pdf files that maintain the layout, formatting, and links of the original content. This plant has been advocated to cure varieties of diseases. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Calotropis procera wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. The large, green, inflated fruit is rounded at the base and. Phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera ait roots. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera oloumi h 3 extensively branched root system and thick leaves with waxy coverage are the xerophytic adaptations.
There are no related plants for species calotropis procera. Anthelmintic activity of different extracts of calotropis procera leaves abhay pratap singh 1, devender pathak 2, navneet kumar verma 1 and prabhudutta panda 1 1kailash institute of pharmacy and management gorakhpur, u. Flowers of the plant called calotropis procera are white and of a superior variety. Calotropis procera produces various chemicals that are useful for various activities 2,3. Evaluation of antihyperglycaemic activity of calotropis. The ph changes with temperature were studied in calotropis gigantia species as given below. Open embedded pdf files annotate adding annotations, removing annotations, editing annotations markup with highlight, underline. Asclepiadaceae has been known to the traditional systems of medicine and plant known as madar in unani medicinal system. The calotropis procera latex had an acidic nature with ph of 4. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects about 10% of the population. Calotropis procera grows as a weed in many areas of india, but it is also purposefully planted. Fraction cp3, showing the highest recovery of total protein and antitumor activity, was further fractionated by rphplc on a c18 column and resolved into two protein fractions, named cpf1. College, patna, magadh university, bihar, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords calotropis e pharmacology, m. The temperature effects have been noticed on their pe.
Calotropis procera an overview sciencedirect topics. Calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera are to a great extent having a very similar chemical properties, but the colours of their flowers are different. The plant contains alkaloids, sterols, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, triterpenoids and usharin 4. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally. The dried ethanolic extract of calotropis procera root were suspended in vehicle 0. When you try to print a portable document format pdf file from adobe reader, the file does not print. The two types of the plant are also known as the apple of sodom, desert apple, giant milkweed or sodoms milkweed, rubber bush, swallowwort, dead sea apple, and ushar arabic.
The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. The fruit of calotropis procera is oval and curved at the ends of the pods. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis the giant milkweed, calotropis procera, is native to the old world from the arabian peninsula to west, north and east africa, also from southern asia to malaysia. The two types of the plant are also known as the apple of sodom, desert apple, giant milkweed or sodoms milkweed, rubber bush, swallowwort, dead sea apple. It is commonly known as apple of sodom, a name derived from the hebrew tapuah sdom. Aiton this is a gallery page containing specially selected images. It is a very common herb seen widely throughout india.
Leaves and flowers are dried and used as incense which are said to keep evil spirits away. The stems are crooked and covered with a fissured corky bark. Study on antibacterial activity of calotropis procera. The plant is used in many ayurvedic formulations like arkelavana. Anthelmintic activity of different extracts of calotropis. Hp printers cannot print pdfs from adobe reader windows hp. It has been widely naturalized elsewhere including australia, hawaii, california, and the caribbean and from mexico to. Calotropis procera simple english wikipedia, the free. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the family apocynaceae that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It is a useful green manure and will be planted and plowed in before the real crop is sown. The results therefore established a good support for the use of cera in traditional medicine afr.
Calotropis procera, latex, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal. Studies on endophytic fungi of calotropis procera l. Calotropis procera is also reported widely in various folklore preperations and ethnomedicines. In india, it is found mainly in assam, west bengal, rajasthan, punjab, particularly in the wastelands.
Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera. Convert pdf files to microsoft word, excel, powerpoint, and other popular formats. The ph of latex of these two species has been found different in the present study. The name apple of sodom and dead sea apple comes from the fact that the ancient authors. Animals rat of either sex weighing between 100 and 120 gm were selected they were kept at 2225 or at room temp. Common names for the plant include apple of sodom, sodom apple, stabragh, kings crown, rubber bush, and rubber tree. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Calotropis procera was tested as a host for sandalwood, santalum album l. This page was last edited on 11 december 2019, at 14.
Widely it is used medicinally, to treat boils, infected wounds and other skin problems in people. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Antifungal, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of calotropis procera mushtaq ahmed, rehmat ali khan, s. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Serious leaf spot disease problem of calotropis procera. Calotropis gigantea is the weed that has flowers in lavender color. Convert files to pdf, compress pdf documents, and share and store your files with adobe acrobat online services. The plant is one of the important traditional herbal medicines in every home of india. The plant is anthelmintic, the ashes act as an expectorant. They are mediumbranched and perennial shrubs or small trees that grow up to a height of 45 meters with milky latex throughout.
Often, its another variety calotropois procera is also used in the same name. The extractions from latex are quit tricky in context with preparation of latex for the extraction purpose. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Ayurvedic medicine is a traditional indian practice of healing. The weed calotropis procera belongs to the asclepiadaceae or the ark family. Extraction of plant latex is a complex emulsion of polymer micro particles in an aqueous medium. Its flowers are slightly cupshaped in appearance and their relatively short and broad petals are whitish with purple tips. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of.
Its easy to add annotations to documents using a complete set of commenting. In the past, the silky hairs were used to stuff pillows. Asclepiadaceae commonly known as madar asclepiadaceae commonly known as madar oraak is a medicinally important wild shrub native to india useful in treatment of a. The following 200 files are in this category, out of 221 total. They have been chosen as highlights of a particular topic, but do not represent the full range of images that are available on commons.
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